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Amazon Kindle Paperwhite

Amazon knows every book you read, every highlight you make, and every page you stop on.
Fail
Amazon · 🇺🇸 United States · WiFi + Bluetooth
PolicyApp PermissionsNetwork TrafficFirmwareRegulatory
Technical details
FCC ID: Z2V-M2L3EK
Chipset: MediaTek MT8113
App: com.amazon.kindle
Manufacturer: Amazon
Model: Kindle Paperwhite 11th Generation

⚠️ The bottom line

Amazon knows exactly what you read, when you read it, how fast you read each page, what you highlight, and what you search for. Your Kindle is not a private reading device — it is a reading surveillance device that reports your entire reading life back to Amazon. Amazon says you can turn off reading data sync, but the fine print admits data collection continues anyway. The Kindle itself is designed to report your reading habits to Amazon — "disabling" sync only stops the data from going to your other devices, not from going to Amazon.

Legal jurisdiction
🇺🇸 United States (headquarters)
CLOUD Act read more →
US govt can demand your data from this company even if stored overseas
FISA §702 / PRISM read more →
NSA collects stored emails, photos, messages without individual warrants
Geofence warrants read more →
Police can demand location data for everyone near a crime scene
Spying
3/4 HIGH
Is someone spying on me?
Data Sharing
3/4 HIGH
Who gets my data?
Kids at risk
Security
3/4 HIGH
Is it actually secure?
Kids at risk
Honesty
4/4 EXTREME
Can I trust what they say?
Kids at risk
REPLACE Extreme risk. Look for alternatives or lock down hard.
10Contradictions
4Critical
4High
2Medium
9Sources
Findings by concern
Spying 3/4 HIGH 1 finding
⚠️ criticalpolicy claims vs app permissions
Amazon knows exactly what you read, when you read it, how fast you read each page, what you highlight, and what you search for. Your Kindle is not a private reading device — it is a reading surveillance device that reports your entire reading life back to Amazon.

What they claim: Amazon markets Kindle as a personal, private reading experience. The Kindle Store Terms state the software collects "your last page read; content that you use, Distribute, or archive; your viewing data and search queries; and available memory, up-time, log files, and signal strength."

What we found: The Kindle companion app requests 60 permissions including ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION, ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION, READ_PHONE_STATE, COLLECT_METRICS, AD_ID, MANAGE_DEVICE_AND_USER_DATA, and WRITE_USE_APP_FEATURE_SURVEY. It embeds Amazon Advertisement and Amazon Analytics trackers. Amazon tracks every page turn, reading speed, highlights, notes, and search queries — making reading habits one of the most comprehensively surveilled activities on a consumer device.

Data Sharing 3/4 HIGH 2 findings
⚡ highpolicy claims vs app permissions
Even if you pay extra to remove ads from your Kindle, the advertising tracking code is still built into the device. Amazon embeds ad tracking in every Kindle, whether you paid for the "ad-free" version or not.

What they claim: Amazon Privacy Notice states: "We use your personal information to display interest-based ads for features, products, and services that might be of interest to you." Amazon sells "Special Offers" (ad-supported) Kindles at a lower price.

What we found: The Kindle app includes the AD_ID permission (advertising identifier tracking) and embeds the Amazon Advertisement tracker. The device hardware communicates with arcus-uswest.amazon.com and firs-ta-g7g.amazon.com endpoints. Customers who pay full price for an ad-free Kindle still have the advertising infrastructure built into the firmware and app — the AD_ID permission and Amazon Advertisement tracker are present regardless of which model you bought.

⚫ mediumapp permissions vs firmware analysis
Your Kindle asks for five different Bluetooth permissions when it only needs to connect to headphones. The extra permissions let it scan for nearby devices and broadcast its presence — capabilities useful for tracking who and what is near you, not for listening to audiobooks.

What they claim: The Kindle Paperwhite 11th Gen has Bluetooth 5.0 LE for audio output (connecting to Bluetooth headphones/speakers for Audible audiobooks). This is its only Bluetooth use case.

What we found: The Kindle app requests BLUETOOTH, BLUETOOTH_ADMIN, BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE, BLUETOOTH_CONNECT, and BLUETOOTH_SCAN permissions — five Bluetooth permissions for a device that only needs to pair with audio output devices. BLUETOOTH_SCAN enables discovery of nearby Bluetooth devices (phones, laptops, wearables) and BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE allows the device to broadcast its presence. These permissions enable Bluetooth-based location tracking and proximity detection far beyond connecting headphones.

Security 3/4 HIGH 3 findings
⚠️ criticalpolicy claims vs regulatory findings
Amazon does not need to sell your reading data to anyone else because they are the world's largest retailer. They combine what you read with what you buy, what you ask Alexa, and what your Ring camera sees. Your reading habits — which reveal your deepest interests and concerns — feed Amazon's advertising machine.

What they claim: Amazon Privacy Notice states: "We are not in the business of selling our customers' personal information to others." The notice describes data sharing only with "third-party service providers" performing functions "on our behalf."

What we found: Amazon cross-references Kindle reading data with its broader ecosystem — shopping history, Alexa voice data, Ring camera footage, Whole Foods purchases, and browsing behavior. FTC charged Amazon in 2023 (settled for $25M) for retaining children's data indefinitely despite deletion requests. Mozilla notes Amazon doesn't need to sell data because they have "their own retail and advertising juggernaut" to exploit it internally. Reading habits reveal political views, health concerns, religious beliefs, and sexual interests — all cross-referenced with purchase behavior.

⚠️ criticalfirmware analysis vs regulatory findings
Security researchers have found multiple ways to completely take over a Kindle by sending a malicious ebook or audiobook. Once compromised, an attacker can steal your entire Amazon account — including your credit card and purchase history. A device that stores your most private reading is also a gateway to your Amazon wallet.

What they claim: Amazon markets Kindle as a safe, trusted reading device. The FCC compliance filing certifies the device meets safety requirements. Amazon states it uses personal information to "protect the security of our customers."

What we found: CVE-2021-30354 and CVE-2021-30355 (Check Point Research) demonstrated full device takeover via a malicious PDF ebook — heap overflow plus privilege escalation to root. The 2025 Black Hat Europe research demonstrated a separate attack chain via malicious Audible audiobook files — heap overflow in the AAX parser combined with keyboard service path traversal achieves root access and Amazon account hijacking. Both attack chains allow stealing Amazon credentials and session cookies. The Kindle stores Amazon account credentials that provide access to the user's entire Amazon account including payment methods.

⚡ highpolicy claims vs firmware analysis
Amazon can push software updates to your Kindle at any time without asking you. These updates can change what data your device collects and sends back to Amazon. You cannot say no.

What they claim: Amazon Privacy Notice says users have choices about data collection. The Kindle Store Terms state information is handled "in accordance with the Amazon.com Privacy Notice."

What we found: Kindle firmware updates are delivered automatically over Wi-Fi with no user opt-out. The device runs custom Linux-based Kindle OS controlled entirely by Amazon. Firmware updates can change what data is collected, add new tracking endpoints, or modify privacy behavior without user consent. The 2025 Black Hat Europe research showed that firmware version 5.17.1 had critical vulnerabilities — the forced update to 5.18.1/5.18.5 was necessary but demonstrates Amazon has unilateral control over device behavior.

Honesty 4/4 EXTREME 4 findings
⚠️ criticalpolicy claims vs firmware analysis
Amazon says you can turn off reading data sync, but the fine print admits data collection continues anyway. The Kindle itself is designed to report your reading habits to Amazon — "disabling" sync only stops the data from going to your other devices, not from going to Amazon.

What they claim: Amazon offers a setting to disable Whispersync (reading position, notes, and highlights syncing). Amazon help page states users can "opt out of future collection of your reading data by disabling Whispersync."

What we found: Amazon's own documentation reveals: "if you use Kindle Web Reader after turning off Whispersync, all data generated while you use Kindle Web Reader will continue to save to Amazon's servers." The Kindle Store Terms confirm the software collects "your last page read; content that you use, Distribute, or archive; your viewing data and search queries" — this collection is a function of the Kindle Software itself, not just Whispersync. The device communicates with device-messaging-na.amazon.com and cognito-identity.us-east-1.amazonaws.com regardless of Whispersync settings.

⚡ highapp permissions vs firmware analysis
Your Kindle reading app asks to track your precise location. Why does a book-reading app need to know where you are? Amazon can tell not just what you read, but where you were when you read it.

What they claim: The Kindle Paperwhite is an e-reader with no maps, navigation, or location-based features. Its core function is displaying text on an E Ink screen.

What we found: The Kindle app requests ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION and ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION permissions — GPS-level tracking on a device designed solely for reading books. The device has Wi-Fi and Bluetooth radios (confirmed by FCC filing) but no GPS hardware, meaning location is derived from Wi-Fi triangulation and Bluetooth scanning (BLUETOOTH_SCAN permission). There is no user-facing feature that requires knowing where you are when you read.

⚡ highpolicy claims vs regulatory findings
You do not own the books on your Kindle — Amazon does. They can take them away at any time. Meanwhile, they track everything you read. You are paying to rent books from a company that watches how you read them.

What they claim: Kindle Store Terms explicitly state: "Kindle Content is licensed, not sold, to you by the Content Provider." Amazon grants a "non-exclusive right to view, use, and display such Kindle Content" that can be terminated.

What we found: The Kindle Store Terms include: "Your rights under this Agreement will automatically terminate if you fail to comply with any term of this Agreement." Combined with Amazon's data collection of reading habits, highlights, and notes, this means Amazon can both monitor everything you read and revoke your access to your entire library. Mozilla Foundation rated Kindle as "Somewhat creepy" noting Amazon's complicated, fragmented privacy policies across multiple documents.

⚫ mediumapp permissions vs firmware analysis
The Kindle reading app asks to read your phone's identity information — your phone number, carrier, and device ID. This has nothing to do with reading books. It lets Amazon link your reading habits to your phone.

What they claim: The Kindle Paperwhite is a Wi-Fi-only e-reader with no cellular modem, SIM card, or phone capability. It uses a MediaTek MT8113 processor designed for e-readers.

What we found: The Kindle companion app requests READ_PHONE_STATE and READ_BASIC_PHONE_STATE permissions, which can expose the device IMEI, phone number, carrier information, and call state. On a phone, these permissions allow identifying the specific device and its cellular identity. When the Kindle app runs on a phone (as a reading app), it gains access to telephony identifiers that have nothing to do with reading books — linking your reading habits to your phone identity.

What happened to real people
Documented incidents involving Amazon products and user data.
Ring employees spied on customers through bedroom and bathroom cameras. Hackers live-streamed customers' videos. 8-year-old girl contacted by hacker through bedroom camera. $5.8M FTC settlement. [source]
Amazon admitted giving Ring footage to police without owner consent at least 11 times in 2022. 30,000 employees had access to customer videos. [source]
What your data is worth to governments
Jurisdiction: US (CLOUD Act).
Documented: Ring employees spied on customers through bedroom and bathroom cameras. Hackers live-streamed customers' videos. 8-year-old girl contacted by hacker through bedroom camera. $5.8M FTC settlement.
Documented: Amazon admitted giving Ring footage to police without owner consent at least 11 times in 2022. 30,000 employees had access to customer videos.
What is the CLOUD Act?
Sources