Direct FSB access to all telecommunications. No warrant shown to the company. No notification to the user.
SORM gives Russia's FSB direct, real-time access to all data flowing through Russian telecommunications — without requiring the company's knowledge or cooperation.
SORM-1: telephone wiretapping. SORM-2: internet interception. SORM-3: full metadata and content storage for 3 years. The FSB activates surveillance directly — the company is never informed which users are targeted.
Kaspersky Lab (antivirus with kernel-level access) and FaceApp (biometric data) operate under this framework. The US banned Kaspersky in 2024 citing national security.